What is a root canal?

The root canal refers to a type of dental treatment that aims to repair an infected or damaged tooth. Your tooth is made up of a crown (the portion above the gums) and a root (the portion below the gums). Deep within the tooth, a portion of nerve tissue and blood vessels is found, known as the pulp. The pulp nourishes the tooth and lubricates the surrounding tissues. When this portion of the tooth becomes infected or damaged, a root canal may be indicated.

Root Canal Treatment

Endodontic therapy, or root canal therapy, aims to repair and save damaged or infected teeth instead of removing them. Typically, you will be awake under local anaesthetic while you undergo a root canal. During the procedure, a tiny hole is made at the top of the tooth to allow the dentist access to the innermost layer of the tooth. The infected pulp of the tooth is removed, and the canals are cleaned out during this process, hence the term "root canal”. Once the pulp is cleaned, antibiotics will be applied, and a temporary filling will close the incision at the top of the tooth. You can expect some pain and sensitivity after a root canal; however, you will be prescribed painkillers and antibiotics to manage any discomfort.                                                                                      

When is root canal treatment necessary?

Various factors, such as severe tooth decay or dental injuries, can lead to an infection developing in the centre of the tooth. If inflammation or infection in the pulp of the tooth is not treated, severe pain can develop. Other signs that may indicate the need for a root canal include:

• Chipped or cracked teeth
• Persistent sensitivity to hot or cold foods
• Swelling in the gums
• Pain when chewing

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